醫學審核日期：2025年2月24日
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眼整形手術：眼部周圍結構的治療
眼整形手術是眼科學的一個分支，專注於診斷和治療影響眼瞼、淚管、眼眶及周圍面部結構的病症。[1][2][3]這些手術既解決功能性疾病也改善外觀問題，旨在恢復或提升眼周區域的健康與美觀。
常見眼整形手術
眼整形手術包含多種治療性和修復性手術。[1]常見手術包括：
- 眼瞼手術（眼瞼成形術）：矯正下垂眼瞼或去除可能影響視力的多餘皮膚。[4]
- 淚管手術：治療阻塞的淚管以改善淚液引流並減少感染。[5]
- 眼瞼位置異常治療：矯正瞼內翻（眼瞼向內翻轉）或瞼外翻（眼瞼向外翻轉）。[6][7]
- 重建手術：修復由損傷、疾病或其他原因造成的創傷。
- 眼眶手術：治療影響眼眶的病症，如外傷、腫瘤或甲狀腺眼病。[8]
眼整形手術治療的症狀
眼整形手術可幫助治療多種醫學病症，包括：
- 上瞼下垂（上眼瞼下垂）[9]
- 皮膚鬆弛症（眼瞼皮膚過多）[10]
- 眼瞼腫塊、隆起和腫瘤[11][12]
- 鼻淚管阻塞（淚管阻塞）[13]
- 甲狀腺眼病[14]
- 影響眼瞼功能的面神經麻痺[15]
眼整形手術的益處與風險
風險與益處取決於病症的具體性質。眼整形手術涵蓋多種手術方式。替代方案可能包括非手術干預或持續觀察。
潛在益處：
- 當眼瞼異常阻礙視力時改善視力[16]
- 緩解由淚管或眼瞼問題引起的不適[17]
風險：
與任何外科手術一樣，眼整形手術存在潛在風險。[10][18]這些可能包括：
- 手術部位腫脹或淤血
- 眼睛暫時性乾燥或刺激
- 罕見併發症如感染、疤痕或視力變化
建議患者與醫生討論這些風險，以便對治療方案做出知情決定。
何時考慮眼整形手術
當醫學病症影響眼瞼或淚管功能時，或在外傷或疾病後需要重建時，可考慮眼整形手術。對於因衰老或其他因素希望改善眼周外觀的個人，這也是一個選擇。
結論
眼整形手術解決與眼部周圍精細結構相關的一系列功能和重建需求。出現視力障礙、長期流淚或不適等症狀的患者應諮詢合格的醫療專業人員，以確定此類治療是否適合。
參考資料
[1] “Oculoplastics,” Wikipedia, 21 May 2024. [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oculoplastics. [Accessed 24 Feb 2025].
[2] Hong Kong Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, [Online]. Available: https://hksoprs.com. [Accessed 24 Feb 2025].
[3] “Oculoplastic Surgeons,” British Oculoplastic Surgery Society, [Online]. Available: https://www.bopss.co.uk/public-information/oculoplastic-surgeons/. [Accessed 24 Feb 2025].
[4] “Eyelid Surgery,” 11 Sep 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.aao.org/eye-health/treatments/eyelid-surgery. [Accessed 24 Feb 2025].
[5] “What Is a Blocked Tear Duct?,” American Academy of Ophthalmology, 1 Mar 2015. [Online]. Available: https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/what-is-blocked-tear-duct. [Accessed 24 Feb 2025].
[6] “Eyelid – Ectropion,” 2021. [Online]. Available: https://www.esoprs.eu/for-patients/information/eyelid-ectropion/. [Accessed 24 Feb 2025].
[7] “Eyelid – Entropion,” 2021. [Online]. Available: https://www.esoprs.eu/for-patients/information/eyelid-entropion/. [Accessed 24 Feb 2025].
[8] “What Is an Orbital Fracture?,” 28 Sep 2017. [Online]. Available: https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/what-is-orbital-fracture. [Accessed 24 Feb 2025].
[9] Allen RC, Saylor MA, Nerad JA. The current state of ptosis repair: a comparison of internal and external approaches. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2011 Sep;22(5):394-9. Available: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21730839/. [Accessed 24 Feb 2025].
[10] Mehta S, Belliveau MJ, Oestreicher JH. Oculoplastic surgery. Clin Plast Surg. 2013 Oct;40(4):631-51. Available: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24093658/. [Accessed 24 Feb 2025].
[11] Zgolli H, Choura R, Elzarrug HKH, Abdelhedi C, Chebbi A. Management of eyelids’ primary malignancies. Libyan J Med. 2023 Dec;18(1):2258668. Available: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37731362/. [Accessed 24 Feb 2025].
[12] “Bump or Lump on Eyelid,” 17 May 2021. [Online]. Available: https://www.aao.org/eye-health/symptoms/eyelid-lump. [Accessed 24 Feb 2025].
[13] Jawaheer L, MacEwen CJ, Anijeet D. Endonasal versus external dacryocystorhinostomy for nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Feb 24;2(2):CD007097. Available: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28231605/. [Accessed 24 Feb 2025].
[14] Moledina M, Damato EM, Lee V. The changing landscape of thyroid eye disease: current clinical advances and future outlook. Eye (Lond). 2024 Jun;38(8):1425-1437. Available: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38374366/. [Accessed 24 Feb 2025].
[15] Kinney SE, Seeley BM, Seeley MZ, Foster JA. Oculoplastic surgical techniques for protection of the eye in facial nerve paralysis. Am J Otol. 2000 Mar;21(2):275-83. Available: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10733197/. [Accessed 24 Feb 2025].
[16] Battu VK, Meyer DR, Wobig JL. Improvement in subjective visual function and quality of life outcome measures after blepharoptosis surgery. Am J Ophthalmol. 1996 Jun;121(6):677-86. Available: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8644811/.
[17] Jutley G, Karim R, Joharatnam N, Latif S, Lynch T, Olver JM. Patient satisfaction following endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy: a quality of life study. Eye (Lond). 2013 Sep;27(9):1084-9. Available: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23846378/.
[18] Alharbi MM, Bin Dlaim MS, Alqahtani JM, Alkhudhairy NS, Almasoudi SM, Alajmi NT. Ophthalmic Complications of Periorbital and Facial Aesthetic Procedures: A Literature Review. Cureus. 2023 Jul 1;15(7):e41246. Available: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10388289/. [Accessed 24 Feb 2025].
免責聲明：本文僅為提供一般教育資訊，並不構成醫療建議、醫患關係，亦不代表對任何特定治療、產品、服務或醫療機構的推薦。如有健康問題，請諮詢註冊醫療專業人員。